Soil and for geothermal Heat Source Heat Pump

Soil and sub-soil source) are systems for residential and commercial premises and have similar advantages of water-source systems, due to the relatively high and constant annual temperature, which leads to higher productivity. As a rule, heat can be extracted from the pipes laid horizontally or omit vertically into the ground. The latter system seems to be suitable for large systems and heat pumps. In the first case, there is sufficient distance between the coils of the need for and the availability of a large area (about double the area to be heated) can limit the number of entries. For vertical systems, unknown variable or geological structures and thermal properties of the soil can cause significant difficulties. Due to the dissipation of heat from the soil, soil temperature may drop during the heating season. Depending on the depth coils, recharging may be necessary during the warm months, to pick up the earth temperature to a normal level. This can be achieved by passive (e.g. solar radiation) or active means. In the latter case, this may increase the overall cost of the system. Leakage from the coils may also cause problems. Both the horizontal and vertical systems, as a rule, expensive design and installation, in addition, to attract different categories of specialists, one for heating and cooling, and the other for laying the pipe work).

Rock (geothermal heat) can be used in regions with no or insignificant groundwater. Typical of the well depth varies from 100 to 200 M. In case of large thermal capacity drilled holes tend to reach a large volume of soil. This type of heat pump is always associated with brine system with welded pipes plastic extract heat from the rock. Some rock-related systems in commercial buildings rock for heat and cold storage. Due to the relatively high cost of drilling operation, rock rarely economically attractive for home use.

The earth is a suitable source of heat for heat pumps in many countries. At shallow depths, the temperature will remain above zero. In addition, seasonal variations in temperature are much less than the air. Heat is extracted from the soil using glycol, flowing through the tubing embedded in the ground. If the horizontal mesh tubes used in several hundred square metres surface needed to heat single family buildings. In urban areas, such space is rarely available. There are large costs. For these reasons, the vertical ground heat exchangers are more preferred now.

Geothermal heat sources for heat pumps, which are currently in use in various countries, particularly in the USA, Canada and France. These resources are generally localized and, as a rule, do not coincide with areas of high population density. Moreover, the water often has a high content of salt in the water component, which leads to difficulties with heat exchangers. Due to high and sustained temperatures of these resources, performance is usually very high.