calculate heat load of a building, it is important to use an organized, step-by-step procedure. The necessary actions can be outlined as follows:
Select design values for active winter design (97.5 percent of the value) of the Table. 4-3.
Select indoor design temperature corresponding activities to be carried out in space and minimum permissible relative humidity.
Determine whether any special conditions will be e^ist, for example, adjacent to the unconditioned spaces. Estimate of the temperature in the absolute space as needed.
On the basis of plans and specifications, calculate the heat-transfer coefficients and the plots for the construction of components in each building envelope. Any surface connection with spaces be maintained at the same temperature can drop, i.e., internal walls.
On the basis of building components, systems design and operation, wind speed, and an indoor-outdoor temperature difference, estimate the rate of infiltration and/or ventilation with outside air. Please note that the latent component of penetration and/or ventilation load is only connected if the air conditioning moisture to maintain a certain minimum level of humidity.
Hydration is often omitted from air conditioning systems in mild climates.
Using the above data, calculate the transmission heat loss for each surface of the fencing construction and heat losses for infiltration and/or ventilation. The sum of these values to determine the total estimated loss of heat, as well as the necessary capacity of heating equipment.
Consider any special circumstances that may influence the choice of equipment. Three circumstances may affect the operation of the equipment.
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a.
If a building and its heating system are designed to take advantage of passive solar gain and thermal storage, heating capacities should be based on dynamic rather than static heat-loss analysis (see Chap. 20).
b.
In a building that has an appreciable steady internal load (heat release) at the time of the maximum transmission and ventilation heat loss, heating-equipment capacity may be reduced by the amount of the internal heat release. An example would be a hospital or industrial building which operates on a 24-h basis.
c.
A building that does not operate on a continuous basis and indoor temperatures are allowed to drop over a lengthy unoccupied period, additional capacity may be required to bring the air temperature and building indoor surface temperatures back to an acceptable level in a short time. An alternative to the additional capacity is to bring the heating system into operation earlier and allow the building to heat more gradually.
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