Vortex Tube Cooling
Interesting device, the vortex tube, uses compressed air to produce low temperature. Under the pressure of air sent smoothly along the inner surface of the pipe or cylinder. One end of the tube is completely open. The other end is closed, except for pipes of small diameter. During the operation, the warm air goes through unlimited (wide open) end. Cold air goes through a little pipe at the other end.
Figure 20-25 shown the work of the vortex tube (D, C and E. There are three holes. One inlet and two others, as already explained above, is the socket. Inlet in - jet nozzle. It is connected with compressed air source B, It injects into the air in the pipe at an angle.
The air is rising quickly in a corkscrew pattern inside of pipes of the big diameter. This is due to jet design and high air pressure, Both holes, D and E, are at or near atmospheric pressure. The temperature of the air as it goes through the tube E, will be considerably reduced. The temperature is below zero obtained with this device.
Principle of operation of vortex tubes as follows.
High-velocity air stays in the outer circumference of the pipe D, as shown in Fig. 20-25. Low air velocities in the vicinity of the center of the vortex. Air molecules move more slowly in low velocity air than in a high speed in the region. Thus, in the center of the vortex cooler. (The temperature Is a measure of the average velocity of the moleculeslow speed means lower temperature.)
There's a reason why low air velocities in the vicinity of the center of the vortex. Circles close to the center is very small. The air cannot achieve much speed through the center of the square is becoming more and more like the point. The exact center, all velocities are equal to zero. Another way to say that is close to the centre of each circle air flow is opposite flows on opposite sides of the circle. These flows opposite, mutually compensate each other. Vortex system is useful when both fresh air and cooling required at one time, a large number of compressed air should be used.
Typical applications of the vortex tube principle cooling in protective suits. They are used in industrial workers who have to work in a toxic atmosphere or in very hot areas. Costumes cooled vortex tube is used in those cases when the employee has to wear a heavy protective clthing. Typically, these devices are necessary only if the employee is performing a particular job.
Vortex tube units are intended for work on a permanent basis. No temperature control any type of use. However, there is a manual operation. Tin control allows the vortex tube operator to adjust the air-out temperature as necessary.
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Air-Conditioning 
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