One of the few exceptions to the direct relationship between temperature and volume of water. As warm water cools, its volume is reduced, as expected. This decrease continues until its temperature falls to about 39.2F (4C). The water temperature reaches its maximum density and, dierefore, its a small volume. As water continues to cooling below39.2 F (4C), it starts to expand. This expansion continues as long as the temperature continues to fall relative to its triple point (32F, 0C). At the die temperature of the triple point, liquid water begins to change in solid phase, continuing to expand. When her change in the phase of completion 1.0 ft3 (0.0283 m3) ofwater freeze for 1.085 ft3 (0.0307 m3) of ice. This increase in the volume does a lot of force that may burst pipes and other containers, and to crush vessels, berths and other facilities, swimming in the water.
Although the expansion of water appears to contradict the temperature and volume of the relationship, as described above, this is not the case. The average distance between die cooling of molecules continues to decrease as the temperature drops, because of their kinetic energy is also reduced, as predicted.
But the physical, instead of thermal expansion and decay of water molecules are arranged in a crystal structure. As the hydrogen and oxygen atoms form of bonds, they pairs so as to leave one way water molecules with a somewhat higher positive charge, than the other side. This action causes the molecules act as tine magnets, on the one hand, being electrostatically negative and the other electrostatically positive. When water is in a liquid state, these electrostatic poles attract complementary charged by neighbouring molecules, causing fluid contract slightly. When the liquid begins to change to solid state, its molecules to change themselves, forming lower entropy crystal structure. It is a rigid structure overwhelms the electrostatic attraction between die molecules, as he locks them in place. Because the spatial distance between the molecules in the lattice structure a little more than dying distance between die molecules when they electrostatically attracted to each other, the amount of water increases as it changes its status of a solid body. If not this structural feature, the volume of water is greater than the amount equal to the mass of ice, similar to other substances.
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