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Fleat always flows from hot to cold. Winter in the air-conditioned room should be heated enough heat energy (BTU)to compensate heat loss in cold outside ambient air. For heating purposes, it is desirable to reduce heat loss. During the summer, the heat must be removed from the conditioned space to cool it as heat passes from the warm air outside. In summer conditions, it is desirable to minimize heat gain. In both conditions necessary to reduce the transfer of heat from the inside of the conditioned space in the open air or to prevent the transmission of heat from the street in the conditioned space.
Buildings should be designed to reduce heat transfer. This is called making the building envelope "firmly. However, recent research has shown that building too "rigid" can lead to the lack of air changes within the building. In turn, this may lead to a " sick building syndrome". To avoid this, it is important to bring in some fresh outside air and provide continuous ventilation in the building. The volume of heat transfer of the building is determined by a building designs, building materials, and location.
The maximum thermal load (loss or gam) is determined for a period of one hour.
Chart (found in numerous textbooks) is used for the calculations. Calculation of the heat load of the guide are available through various sources. The Air conditioning Contractors of America (ACCA) publish load Calculation Residential Witter and Summer air conditioning, known as the Leadership of J. They also publish load Calculation for Commercial Summer and Winter air conditioning, known as the Leadership of N.
There are a number of large thermal loads:
- Nipples that are transmitted through walls, ceilings and floors (conductivity).
- The heat necessary to control the moisture content in the air.
- Air conditioning, who enters the building through diversion and ventilation,
- The sun produces heat in buildings, right through the window. It also produces heat for heating of the surface, it strikes (cooling load).
- Energy deviceslamps, electric motors, electric or gas stoves and otherall produce heat. People also release a significant amount of heat.
In all cases, the heat load can be described as sensible heat load (variation of temperature and latent heat load (moisture), evaporation or condensation...
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