Oil Furnaces
The most common type of oil gun type. They include high-efficiency burners, the primary heat exchanger, secondary heat exchanger, combustion chamber, and with high efficiency fan. Gun-type burner forces oil under pressure through the hole controlled size. Oil is broken into finely divided particles (atomized). It is mixed with air, and forced into the combustion chamber using a fan. The device has the injection of combustion air head with radial air injection nozzle holes.
Remember that oil will not burn until it is in liquid form. Burn it be vaporized (turned into a gas). For oil evaporation, heat must be added (latent heat of vaporization). Oil turns to gas more quickly and easily if finely divided (sprayed). This spraying process is called dispersion. Minimum pressure spray 75 pounds per square inch (90 psia or 620 kPa).
Gun-type oil burner oil spray, forcing it into a twisting spiral, the turbulent flow of air. A small heat source (spark) of it is a finely divided particles in gas combustion begins. Several large industrial furnaces use a combination of oil and gas burners.
The burner control permit the choice of fuel.
Surge in oil furnace, usually caused by excessive pressure in the combustion chamber. (There is not enough project.) The project should be 0.02" (0.5 mm), the water pressure. Too much positive pressure can be caused by:
- Too much air (air shutter open too far).
- The chimney, which is too small, a partially blocked or not tall enough. The duct should be 2' (61 cm) above the highest point of the building.
- Faulty nozzle (a distorted form of the flame).
Oil on the floor of the furnace room dangerous. This may be the cause air leakage in the oil sucdon line. (The air causes drip output.) This may be related to lose compression fittings or the unions or by pump seal leakage. Compression fittings should never be used oil systems. Check the air in the system by connecting a manometer. If the arrow of the pointer changes, this means that there is air in the system. For small leaks to put the oil outlet tube into a bottle of oil. Bubbles indicates for air leaks in the suction line.
If there is a soot in the boiler flue passes, clear passages and blower tube. Also, clean the fan blade a brush. Oil furnace blowback is usually caused by the delayed ignition. The most common causes of blowback:
- Electrodes incorrectly placed.
- Distorted pattern from the electrodes.
If the oil nozzle is in poor condition, replace it with the exact replacement unit. (Use the same hole, spray angle, and a solid or hollow cone, as originally used.) The largest oil-burner stoves may have metal combustion chamber. Less furnaces use refractory cement liners for the combustion chamber. This cement is 80% of dry asbestos and 20% of Portland cement. Just add water to make workable mixture. Not to put the cement on the edge or air inside the cone. (Cement will change the air pattern and cause inefficient combustion.) It is best to fill the tube with a rag during cement applications. Many refractory lining preformed, then installed...
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Air-Conditioning