Refrigerator Heat Pump

Heat pumps have a large potential for energy savings, especially in industrial processes. They are only heat recovery systems, which allow the temperature waste heat to be raised to healthier levels. Although the principle of the heat pump has been known since the mid-nineteenth century, had no incentive to develop them in a time of cheap and abundant energy.

Recent research and development pointed out that a heat pump performance is likely to improve over the coming years. Improvements in the design of the components and the use of waste heat sources will raise the heat pump performance. As regards the technical aspects of working experience, which produced important insights for planning and design of heat pump systems can be used. In addition, new ideas and equipment, appearing in the last decade, the streamlined design of the heat pump heating and cooling systems.

Heat pumps and looks a lot like air conditioning (only for forced-air and exhaust systems) with the exception that they provide heating and cooling. While heat pumps, air-conditioners require the use of various components, they operate on the same basic principle.

Heat flows naturally from higher to lower temperature. Heat pumps, however, able to make the heat flow in the other direction, using relatively small amount of high quality drive energy (electricity, fuel or high-temperature waste heat). Thus, heat pumps can transfer heat from natural sources of heat in the vicinity, such as air, water or earth, or of man-made heat sources such as industrial and household waste, building or industrial applications. Heat pumps can also be used for cooling. The heat is transferred in the opposite direction, from the application, which is cooled to atmosphere at high temperatures. Sometimes the excess heat from the cooling is used to meet the simultaneous demand for heat.

Almost all of heat pumps currently in operation are based either on the vapor compression or absorption cycle. Theoretically, a heat pump can be achieved by many more thermodynamic cycles and processes, including Stirling and Vuilleumier cycles, single-phase cycles (e.g. with air or inert gases CO2), solid vapor sorption systems, hybrid systems, in particular, combining vapor compression and absorption cycle), thermoelectric cycle and electromagnetic and acoustic processes. Some of these are entering the market or have reached technical maturity, and is expected to be significant in the future.

The heat pump is, in fact, a heat engine, working in reverse, and can be defined as a device which moves from the heat in the region of low temperatures in the region of higher temperature. Residential air heat pump, type most commonly in use, remove the heat from the low ambient air temperatures, and passes that heat indoors. To achieve this goal, and in accordance with the second law of thermodynamics, work is performed on the working fluid (i.e. refrigerant) of the heat pump.

In order to transfer the heat from heat sources for heat dissipation, external energy is needed to heat pump. Theoretically, the total heat supplied by heat pump is equal to the heat extracted from the source of heat, plus the sum of drive energy supplied. Electricallydriven heat pumps for heat supply of buildings, as a rule, give 100 kW of heat only 20-40 kW / h of electricity. Many industrial heat pumps can achieve even higher performance, and put the same amount of heat only 3-10 kW / h of electricity.

For large-scale applications, heat pumps using a combustion furnace for additional heat and/or temperature with a peak became popular thanks to:

In their applicability to the modernization market as additional units at the existing oil or gas stoves and boilers
At increasing the efficiency of the combined system compared with the electric resistance heat-supplemented heat pumps.

In this regard, heat pumps working with additional thermal often say that working in binary mode. Heat pump with the operating heating electrical resistance or without the other, say, working in monovalent mode. Excluding certain components of the control designed to regulate the compressor and operation of the furnace, in fact, standard heat pump components are used. The system is operated in heat pump mode down up to the set temperature, called the balance point and the furnace is switched on when the additional heat is required or, in the case of the distribution of air heat pump thawing. In some systems enable compressor off completely below the equilibrium point, while others allow parallel with heat pump and operation of the furnace down goldfish10VC for air source heat pump. Heat pump technology is of particular interest in countries with cold climates, where the traditional means of heating the existing buildings of gas or oil, and the requirement for some air conditioning Supplement occurs. The system can also be used for heating only in combination with a conventional oven. Even in the cold climate, there is a sufficient number of heating days over the point of equilibrium of the existing heat pump to this combination, worthy of consideration.